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Impossibility to construct required compsition
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ceciliachan1979 committed Aug 4, 2024
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions Misc/Practice/Practice.tex
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\input{Misc/Practice/q1.aoiyamada.tex}
\input{Misc/Practice/q2.cecilia.tex}
\input{Misc/Practice/q3.andy.tex}
\input{Misc/Practice/q4.cecilia.tex}

\end{document}
25 changes: 25 additions & 0 deletions Misc/Practice/q4.cecilia.tex
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\section*{Algebra Problem 4}
\subsubsection*{Problem}
The problems can be found \href{https://www.math.hkust.edu.hk/~makyli/190_2010Sp/problemBk.pdf}{here} on page 7.

\subsubsection*{Solution}
A quadratic can only map at most two points that are symmetric with respect to a center to a single point. Therefore if the composition exists, it must be the case that:

\begin{enumerate}
\item{ $ h $ maps $ \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\}$ to four distinct points that is symmetric. }
\item{ $ g $ maps these four distinct points to two distinct points. }
\item{ $ f $ maps these four distinct points to zero. }
\end{enumerate}

It is not difficult to construct $ f $ and $ g $, but $ h $ is impossible, as we will show.

In order to map 8 distinct points to 4 distinct points, we have no choice but to use 4.5 as the center, and therefore the quadratic has the form $ a(x - 4.5)^2 + b $.

This will lead to the 4 distinct points to be $ 3.5^2 a + b, 2.5^2a + b, 1.5^2a, 0.5^2a $. We can see the differences are:

\begin{eqnarray*}
(3.5^2 a + b) - (2.5^2a + b) =& 6a \\
(1.5^2 a + b) - (0.5^2a + b) =& 2a
\end{eqnarray*}

It is impossible to find a center for these four points so that they are symmetric, and therefore it is impossible to construct the composition as required.

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