lightgbm v4.6.0

[jameslamb]

Updates to lightgbm v4.6.0, which I just released to PyPI:

• release v4.6.0 microsoft/LightGBM#6796
• https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/releases/tag/v4.6.0
• https://pypi.org/project/lightgbm/#history

Also proposes moving patches into a patches/ directory and numbering them, similar to watch is done in arrow-cpp-feedstock: https://github.com/conda-forge/arrow-cpp-feedstock/tree/main/recipe/patches. I think that is helpful as the number of patches grows in the future.

Checklist

• Used a personal fork of the feedstock to propose changes
• Bumped the build number (if the version is unchanged)
• Reset the build number to 0 (if the version changed)
• Re-rendered with the latest conda-smithy (Use the phrase @conda-forge-admin, please rerender in a comment in this PR for automated rerendering)
• Ensured the license file is being packaged.

[jameslamb]

@conda-forge-admin, please rerender

[conda-forge-admin]

Hi! This is the friendly automated conda-forge-linting service.

I just wanted to let you know that I linted all conda-recipes in your PR (recipe/meta.yaml) and found it was in an excellent condition.

I do have some suggestions for making it better though...

For recipe/meta.yaml:

• ℹ️ The recipe is not parsable by parser conda-souschef (grayskull). This parser is not currently used by conda-forge, but may be in the future. We are collecting information to see which recipes are compatible with grayskull.

_{This message was generated by GitHub Actions workflow run https://github.com/conda-forge/conda-forge-webservices/actions/runs/13342764913. Examine the logs at this URL for more detail.}

[jameslamb]

ref: microsoft/LightGBM#6651

[jameslamb]

Ok after a bit of fidgeting with the patches, I think this is working. Will leave it up for a few days until another maintainer has a chance to review.

[jameslamb]

This has been up for a couple days and I think the changes are non-controversial, so going to put this in. Please @ me if you see any issues and I'll fix them in a follow-up.