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dendibakh committed Aug 9, 2024
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66 changes: 33 additions & 33 deletions chapters/4-Terminology-And-Metrics/4-11 Case Study of 4 Benchmarks.md
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Expand Up @@ -32,70 +32,70 @@ Table {@tbl:perf_metrics_case_study} provides a side-by-side comparison of perfo
* __CloverLeaf__. As before, we start with analyzing instructions and core cycles. The amount of work done by P- and E-cores is roughly the same, but it takes P-cores more time to do this work, resulting in a lower IPC of one logical thread on P-core compared to one physical E-core.[^2] The `L*MPKI` metrics are high, especially the number of L3 misses per kilo instructions. The load miss latency (`LdMissLat`) is off the charts, suggesting an extremely high price of the average cache miss. Next, we take a look at the `DRAM BW use` metric and see that memory bandwidth is fully saturated. That's the problem: all the cores in the system share the same memory bus, so they compete for access to the main memory, which effectively stalls the execution. CPUs are undersupplied with the data that they demand. Going further, we can see that CloverLeaf does not suffer from mispredictions or function call overhead. The instruction mix is dominated by FP double-precision scalar operations with some parts of the code being vectorized. Conclusion: multi-threaded CloverLeaf is bound by memory bandwidth.

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Metric           Core        Blender     Stockfish   Clang15-   CloverLeaf
Name             Type                                selfbuild
Metric Core Blender Stockfish Clang15- CloverLeaf
Name Type selfbuild
---------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Instructions     P-core      6.02E+12    6.59E+11    2.40E+13   1.06E+12
Instructions P-core 6.02E+12 6.59E+11 2.40E+13 1.06E+12

Core Cycles      P-core      4.31E+12    3.65E+11    3.78E+13   5.25E+12
Core Cycles P-core 4.31E+12 3.65E+11 3.78E+13 5.25E+12

IPC              P-core      1.40        1.80        0.64       0.20
IPC P-core 1.40 1.80 0.64 0.20

CPI              P-core      0.72        0.55        1.57       4.96
CPI P-core 0.72 0.55 1.57 4.96

Instructions     E-core      4.97E+12    0           1.43E+13   1.11E+12
Instructions E-core 4.97E+12 0 1.43E+13 1.11E+12

Core Cycles      E-core      3.73E+12    0           3.19E+13   4.28E+12
Core Cycles E-core 3.73E+12 0 3.19E+13 4.28E+12

IPC              E-core      1.33        0           0.45       0.26
IPC E-core 1.33 0 0.45 0.26

CPI              E-core      0.75        0           2.23       3.85
CPI E-core 0.75 0 2.23 3.85

L1MPKI           P-core      3.88        21.38       6.01       13.44
L1MPKI P-core 3.88 21.38 6.01 13.44

L2MPKI           P-core      0.15        1.67        1.09       3.58
L2MPKI P-core 0.15 1.67 1.09 3.58

L3MPKI           P-core      0.04        0.14        0.56       3.43
L3MPKI P-core 0.04 0.14 0.56 3.43

Br. Misp. Ratio  E-core      0.02        0.08        0.03       0.01
Br. Misp. Ratio E-core 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.01

Code stlb MPKI   P-core      0           0.01        0.35       0.01
Code stlb MPKI P-core 0 0.01 0.35 0.01

Ld stlb MPKI     P-core      0.08        0.04        0.51       0.03
Ld stlb MPKI P-core 0.08 0.04 0.51 0.03

St stlb MPKI     P-core      0           0.01        0.06       0.1
St stlb MPKI P-core 0 0.01 0.06 0.1

LdMissLat (Clk)  P-core      12.92       10.37       76.7       253.89
LdMissLat (Clk) P-core 12.92 10.37 76.7 253.89

ILP              P-core      3.67        3.65        2.93       2.53
ILP P-core 3.67 3.65 2.93 2.53

MLP              P-core      1.61        2.62        1.57       2.78
MLP P-core 1.61 2.62 1.57 2.78

DRAM BW (GB/s)   All         1.58        1.42        10.67      24.57
DRAM BW (GB/s) All 1.58 1.42 10.67 24.57

IpCall           All         176.8       153.5       40.9       2,729
IpCall All 176.8 153.5 40.9 2,729

IpBranch         All         9.8         10.1        5.1        18.8
IpBranch All 9.8 10.1 5.1 18.8

IpLoad           All         3.2         3.3         3.6        2.7
IpLoad All 3.2 3.3 3.6 2.7

IpStore          All         7.2         7.7         5.9        22.0
IpStore All 7.2 7.7 5.9 22.0

IpMispredict     All         610.4       214.7       177.7      2,416
IpMispredict All 610.4 214.7 177.7 2,416

IpFLOP           All         1.1         1.82E+06    286,348    1.8
IpFLOP All 1.1 1.82E+06 286,348 1.8

IpArith          All         4.5         7.96E+06    268,637    2.1
IpArith All 4.5 7.96E+06 268,637 2.1

IpArith Scal SP  All         22.9        4.07E+09    280,583    2.60E+09
IpArith Scal SP All 22.9 4.07E+09 280,583 2.60E+09

IpArith Scal DP  All         438.2       1.22E+07    4.65E+06   2.2
IpArith Scal DP All 438.2 1.22E+07 4.65E+06 2.2

IpArith AVX128   All         6.9         0.0         1.09E+10   1.62E+09
IpArith AVX128 All 6.9 0.0 1.09E+10 1.62E+09

IpArith AVX256   All         30.3        0.0         0.0        39.6
IpArith AVX256 All 30.3 0.0 0.0 39.6

IpSWPF           All         90.2        2,565       105,933    172,348
IpSWPF All 90.2 2,565 105,933 172,348
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Table: Performance Metrics of Four Benchmarks. {#tbl:perf_metrics_case_study}
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