Use fsspec for all types of file access

[gutzbenj]

After our recent PR at fsspec (patch brought in as monkey patch), we can finally drop dogpile.cache.

Fixes #243 #474 #491

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #567 (b8c8d73) into main (7bbe744) will decrease coverage by 0.31%.
The diff coverage is 57.89%.

❗ Current head b8c8d73 differs from pull request most recent head 0d20163. Consider uploading reports for the commit 0d20163 to get more accurate results

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #567      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   90.74%   90.43%   -0.32%     
==========================================
  Files          89       90       +1     
  Lines        5707     5740      +33     
  Branches      469      468       -1     
==========================================
+ Hits         5179     5191      +12     
- Misses        411      435      +24     
+ Partials      117      114       -3     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	90.43% <57.89%> (-0.32%)	⬇️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
wetterdienst/provider/dwd/observation/fileindex.py	100.00% <ø> (ø)
wetterdienst/util/cache.py	90.90% <ø> (+5.54%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/util/fsspec_monkeypatch.py	47.19% <47.19%> (ø)
wetterdienst/provider/eccc/observation/api.py	83.97% <50.00%> (+0.43%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/__init__.py	72.72% <100.00%> (+4.30%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/provider/dwd/forecast/api.py	77.40% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/provider/dwd/index.py	100.00% <100.00%> (+4.16%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/provider/dwd/observation/metaindex.py	95.65% <100.00%> (+3.02%)	⬆️
wetterdienst/provider/dwd/radar/index.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
wetterdienst/util/network.py	97.50% <100.00%> (+23.58%)	⬆️
... and 1 more

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