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gto76 committed Jan 11, 2024
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52 changes: 26 additions & 26 deletions README.md
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Expand Up @@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ def add(x, y):
return x + y
```
* **Wraps is a helper decorator that copies the metadata of the passed function (func) to the function it is wrapping (out).**
* **Without it `'add.__name__'` would return `'out'`.**
* **Without it, `'add.__name__'` would return `'out'`.**

### LRU Cache
**Decorator that caches function's return values. All function's arguments must be hashable.**
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# $ pip3 install selenium
from selenium import webdriver

<Drv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() # Opens a browser. Also <Drv>.quit().
<Drv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() # Opens the browser. Also <Drv>.quit().
<Drv>.get('<url>') # Also <Drv>.implicitly_wait(seconds).
<El> = <Drv/El>.find_element('css selector', '<css>') # '<tag>#<id>.<class>[<attr>="<val>"]'.
<list> = <Drv/El>.find_elements('xpath', '<xpath>') # '//<tag>[@<attr>="<val>"]'.
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-----
```python
# $ pip3 install pillow
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter, ImageEnhance
from PIL import Image
```

```python
<Image> = Image.new('<mode>', (width, height)) # Also `color=<int/tuple/str>`.
<Image> = Image.open(<path>) # Identifies format based on file contents.
<Image> = <Image>.convert('<mode>') # Converts image to the new mode.
<Image>.save(<path>) # Selects format based on the path extension.
<Image>.show() # Opens image in the default preview app.
<Image> = Image.new('<mode>', (width, height)) # Also `color=<int/tuple/str>`.
<Image> = Image.open(<path>) # Identifies format based on file contents.
<Image> = <Image>.convert('<mode>') # Converts image to the new mode.
<Image>.save(<path>) # Selects format based on the path extension.
<Image>.show() # Opens image in the default preview app.
```

```python
<int/tuple> = <Image>.getpixel((x, y)) # Returns pixel's value (its color).
<Image>.putpixel((x, y), <int/tuple>) # Updates pixel's value.
<ImagingCore> = <Image>.getdata() # Returns a flattened view of pixel values.
<Image>.putdata(<list/ImagingCore>) # Updates pixels with a copy of the sequence.
<Image>.paste(<Image>, (x, y)) # Draws passed image at specified location.
<int/tuple> = <Image>.getpixel((x, y)) # Returns pixel's value (its color).
<Image>.putpixel((x, y), <int/tuple>) # Updates pixel's value.
<ImagingCore> = <Image>.getdata() # Returns a flattened view of pixel values.
<Image>.putdata(<list/ImagingCore>) # Updates pixels with a copy of the sequence.
<Image>.paste(<Image>, (x, y)) # Draws passed image at specified location.
```

```python
<Image> = <Image>.filter(<Filter>) # `<Filter> = ImageFilter.<name>([<args>])`
<Image> = <Enhance>.enhance(<float>) # `<Enhance> = ImageEnhance.<name>(<Image>)`
<Image> = <Image>.filter(<Filter>) # `<Filter> = ImageFilter.<name>([<args>])`
<Image> = <Enhance>.enhance(<float>) # `<Enhance> = ImageEnhance.<name>(<Image>)`
```

```python
<array> = np.array(<Image>) # Creates a 2d/3d NumPy array from the image.
<Image> = Image.fromarray(np.uint8(<array>)) # Use `<array>.clip(0, 255)` to clip values.
<array> = np.array(<Image>) # Creates a 2d/3d NumPy array from the image.
<Image> = Image.fromarray(np.uint8(<array>)) # Use `<array>.clip(0, 255)` to clip values.
```

### Modes
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2809,15 +2809,15 @@ img.show()

### Image Draw
```python
from PIL import ImageDraw, ImageFont
<ImageDraw> = ImageDraw.Draw(<Image>) # Object for adding 2D graphics to the image.
<ImageDraw>.point((x, y)) # Draws a point. Truncates floats into ints.
<ImageDraw>.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...])) # To get anti-aliasing use Image's resize().
<ImageDraw>.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), deg1, deg2) # Always draws in clockwise direction.
<ImageDraw>.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2)) # To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().
<ImageDraw>.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2, ...)) # Last point gets connected to the first.
<ImageDraw>.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2)) # To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().
<ImageDraw>.text((x, y), text, font=<Font>) # `<Font> = ImageFont.truetype(<path>, size)`
from PIL import ImageDraw
<ImageDraw> = ImageDraw.Draw(<Image>) # Object for adding 2D graphics to the image.
<ImageDraw>.point((x, y)) # Draws a point. Truncates floats into ints.
<ImageDraw>.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...])) # To get anti-aliasing use Image's resize().
<ImageDraw>.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), deg1, deg2) # Always draws in clockwise direction.
<ImageDraw>.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2)) # To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().
<ImageDraw>.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2, ...)) # Last point gets connected to the first.
<ImageDraw>.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2)) # To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().
<ImageDraw>.text((x, y), text, font=<Font>) # `<Font> = ImageFont.truetype(<path>, size)`
```
* **Use `'fill=<color>'` to set the primary color.**
* **Use `'width=<int>'` to set the width of lines or contours.**
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56 changes: 28 additions & 28 deletions index.html
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Expand Up @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@

<body>
<header>
<aside>January 8, 2024</aside>
<aside>January 11, 2024</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -768,7 +768,7 @@

<ul>
<li><strong>Wraps is a helper decorator that copies the metadata of the passed function (func) to the function it is wrapping (out).</strong></li>
<li><strong>Without it <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'add.__name__'</span></code> would return <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'out'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Without it, <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'add.__name__'</span></code> would return <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'out'</span></code>.</strong></li>
</ul>
<div><h3 id="lrucache">LRU Cache</h3><p><strong>Decorator that caches function's return values. All function's arguments must be hashable.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> functools <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> lru_cache

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2065,7 +2065,7 @@ <h3 id="format-2">Format</h3><div><h4 id="forstandardtypesizesandmanualalignment
<div><h3 id="selenium">Selenium</h3><p><strong>Library for scraping websites with dynamic content.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install selenium</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> selenium <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> webdriver

&lt;Drv&gt; = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens a browser. Also &lt;Drv&gt;.quit().</span>
&lt;Drv&gt; = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens the browser. Also &lt;Drv&gt;.quit().</span>
&lt;Drv&gt;.get(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;url&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also &lt;Drv&gt;.implicitly_wait(seconds).</span>
&lt;El&gt; = &lt;Drv/El&gt;.find_element(<span class="hljs-string">'css selector'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'&lt;css&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># '&lt;tag&gt;#&lt;id&gt;.&lt;class&gt;[&lt;attr&gt;="&lt;val&gt;"]'.</span>
&lt;list&gt; = &lt;Drv/El&gt;.find_elements(<span class="hljs-string">'xpath'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'&lt;xpath&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># '//&lt;tag&gt;[@&lt;attr&gt;="&lt;val&gt;"]'.</span>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2259,26 +2259,26 @@ <h3 id="format-2">Format</h3><div><h4 id="forstandardtypesizesandmanualalignment


<div><h2 id="image"><a href="#image" name="image">#</a>Image</h2><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install pillow</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Image, ImageFilter, ImageEnhance
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Image
</code></pre></div>

<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Image&gt; = Image.new(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>, (width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also `color=&lt;int/tuple/str&gt;`.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = Image.open(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Identifies format based on file contents.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.convert(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Converts image to the new mode.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.save(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Selects format based on the path extension.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.show() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens image in the default preview app.</span>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Image&gt; = Image.new(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>, (width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also `color=&lt;int/tuple/str&gt;`.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = Image.open(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Identifies format based on file contents.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.convert(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Converts image to the new mode.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.save(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Selects format based on the path extension.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.show() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens image in the default preview app.</span>
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;int/tuple&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getpixel((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns pixel's value (its color).</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.putpixel((x, y), &lt;int/tuple&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Updates pixel's value.</span>
&lt;ImagingCore&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getdata() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a flattened view of pixel values.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.putdata(&lt;list/ImagingCore&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Updates pixels with a copy of the sequence.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.paste(&lt;Image&gt;, (x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Draws passed image at specified location.</span>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;int/tuple&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getpixel((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns pixel's value (its color).</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.putpixel((x, y), &lt;int/tuple&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Updates pixel's value.</span>
&lt;ImagingCore&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getdata() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a flattened view of pixel values.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.putdata(&lt;list/ImagingCore&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Updates pixels with a copy of the sequence.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.paste(&lt;Image&gt;, (x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Draws passed image at specified location.</span>
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.filter(&lt;Filter&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Filter&gt; = ImageFilter.&lt;name&gt;([&lt;args&gt;])`</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Enhance&gt;.enhance(&lt;float&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Enhance&gt; = ImageEnhance.&lt;name&gt;(&lt;Image&gt;)`</span>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.filter(&lt;Filter&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Filter&gt; = ImageFilter.&lt;name&gt;([&lt;args&gt;])`</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Enhance&gt;.enhance(&lt;float&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Enhance&gt; = ImageEnhance.&lt;name&gt;(&lt;Image&gt;)`</span>
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;array&gt; = np.array(&lt;Image&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Creates a 2d/3d NumPy array from the image.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = Image.fromarray(np.uint8(&lt;array&gt;)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Use `&lt;array&gt;.clip(0, 255)` to clip values.</span>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;array&gt; = np.array(&lt;Image&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Creates a 2d/3d NumPy array from the image.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = Image.fromarray(np.uint8(&lt;array&gt;)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Use `&lt;array&gt;.clip(0, 255)` to clip values.</span>
</code></pre>
<div><h3 id="modes-1">Modes</h3><ul>
<li><strong><code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'L'</span></code> - 8-bit pixels, greyscale.</strong></li>
Expand All @@ -2303,15 +2303,15 @@ <h3 id="format-2">Format</h3><div><h4 id="forstandardtypesizesandmanualalignment
img.show()
</code></pre></div>

<div><h3 id="imagedraw">Image Draw</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> ImageDraw, ImageFont
&lt;ImageDraw&gt; = ImageDraw.Draw(&lt;Image&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Object for adding 2D graphics to the image.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.point((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Draws a point. Truncates floats into ints.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...])) <span class="hljs-comment"># To get anti-aliasing use Image's resize().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), deg1, deg2) <span class="hljs-comment"># Always draws in clockwise direction.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2)) <span class="hljs-comment"># To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2, ...)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Last point gets connected to the first.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2)) <span class="hljs-comment"># To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.text((x, y), text, font=&lt;Font&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Font&gt; = ImageFont.truetype(&lt;path&gt;, size)`</span>
<div><h3 id="imagedraw">Image Draw</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> ImageDraw
&lt;ImageDraw&gt; = ImageDraw.Draw(&lt;Image&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Object for adding 2D graphics to the image.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.point((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Draws a point. Truncates floats into ints.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...])) <span class="hljs-comment"># To get anti-aliasing use Image's resize().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), deg1, deg2) <span class="hljs-comment"># Always draws in clockwise direction.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2)) <span class="hljs-comment"># To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2, ...)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Last point gets connected to the first.</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2)) <span class="hljs-comment"># To rotate use Image's rotate() and paste().</span>
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.text((x, y), text, font=&lt;Font&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># `&lt;Font&gt; = ImageFont.truetype(&lt;path&gt;, size)`</span>
</code></pre></div>

<ul>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2933,7 +2933,7 @@ <h3 id="format-2">Format</h3><div><h4 id="forstandardtypesizesandmanualalignment


<footer>
<aside>January 8, 2024</aside>
<aside>January 11, 2024</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer>

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