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Code for the Melbourne 20 minute neighbourhood intervention

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This repository contains code for the JIBE 20 minute neighbourhood intervention. The intervention has two components:

  • the destinations component, which adds community destination locations in and around defined activity centres ('ACs').
  • the cycling component, which reduces cycling speed on residential streets.

Overview

There are 4 main script files.

  • baseline.R assesses the baseline status of access to destinations.
  • intervention destination.R identifies locations for additional community destinations in and around ACs.
  • analysis.R undertakes an accessibility analysis and an underutilisation analysis of the results of adding the additional destination locations.
  • intervention cycling speed.R alters the network by reducing speed limits on residential streets.

Input files

The code requires the input data files listed in the table below. All input files are available in our data repository at https://osf.io/54zpc/, other than as follows:

  • the activity centres file MICLUP-NACs.zip is non-public and is not available, and
  • some parts of the baseline destinations and public open space file ANLS 2018 - Destinations and Public Open Space.gpkg is non-public and only a redacted version of that file is available.

The code assumes that the input files are located in a data directory ("../data/") which sits beside the directory in which the script files are located .

File Content
data/original/MICLUP-NACs.zip Activity Centres: location of activity centres in and around which new destinations will be located
data/processed/region.sqlite Region: the study area where the intervention is to take place
data/processed/region_buffer.sqlite Region, buffered: the region, plus a buffer to limit edge effects
data/processed/melbourneClipped_edges.sqlite & data/processed/melbourneClipped_nodes.sqlite Edges and nodes making up the road network
data/original/VIC_ADDRESS_DEFAULT_GEOCODE_psv.psv Geocoded National Address File (GNAF) points for Victoria
data/original/1270055001_mb_2016_vic_shape.zip ABS 2016 census meshblocks for Victoria
data/original/2016 census mesh block counts.csv ABS 2016 census meshblocks population and dwelling counts
data/original/1270055001_sa2_2016_aust_shape.zip ABS 2016 census SA2s
data/original/LGAs.zip Local government areas for Victoria
data/processed/Destination weights/Baseline/poi_weight.gpkg Baseline destinations locations for certain destination types
data/processed/ANLS 2018 - Destinations and Public Open Space.gpkg Baseline destination locations for public open space and certain other destination types

Output files

The code produces the output files listed in the tables below, which are saved to the output directory. These files are also available at our data repository at https://osf.io/54zpc/.

The output directory in the data repository also contains a data dictionary, data dictionaries.xlsx, which contains further information about the fields in the main output files baseline assessment.xlsx, intervention locations.sqlite, intervention tables.xlsx, accessibility tables.xlsx and underutilisation tables.xlsx.

baseline.R

File Content
residential_addresses.sqlite Residential address locations with their nearest network node IDs
ac_catchment_addresses.rds IDs of the residential addresses that comprise each Activity Centre catchment
ac_catchment_addresses_boundary.rds IDs of the residential addresses that comprise each Activity Centre catchment, under an alternative approach with larger AC catchments
ac_catchment_polygons.sqlite Polygons surrounding the residential addresses that comprise the Activity Centre catchments
ac_catchment_polygons.sqlite_boundary Polygons surrounding the residential addresses that comprise the Activity Centre catchments, under an alternative approach with larger AC catchments
node_distances_baseline_walk.csv Distance from each residential address node to the nearest destination of each type
baseline assessment.xlsx Results of the baseline assessment, as described below

The baseline assessment.xlsx file contains the following tables.

Table Content
area coverage pop Overall area coverage as percentage of population with access to each destination type within specified distance for Greater Melbourne, all ACs, and large, medium and small ACs
area coverage dwel Same, but as percentage of dwellings with access rather than population
AC coverage pop Percentage of population in each AC with access to each destination type within specified walking distance
AC coverage dwel Same, but as percentage of dwellings with access rather than population
AC coverage boundary Same, but as percentage of population with access based on AC catchments measured from AC boundaries rather than AC anchors
AC coverage summ pop Summary of number and percentage of all, large, medium and small ACs with 80% of population with access to each destination type within specified distance
AC coverage summ dwel Same, but as number and percentage of dwellings rather than population
AC coverage summ boundary Same, but as number and percentage of population with access based on AC catchments measured from AC boundaries rather than AC anchors
AC shortfall comp Comparison table of the numbers of ACs failing to meet the 80% target from each of the 'pop', 'dwel' and 'boundary' summary tables
AC shortfall comp grp Breakdown of the percentages of ACs failing to meet the 80% target for each of the 'pop' and 'boundary' methods, by inner/middle/outer LGA groups

intervention destinations.R

File Content
intervention locations.sqlite Locations of the new destinations placed in and around ACs
intervention locations neediest first.sqlite Same, but trialling the processing of 'neediest' ACs first (and this version is also saved as the final locations)
intervention locations least needy first.sqlite Same, but trialling the processing of least needy ACs first
intervention locations small first.sqlite Same, but trialling the processing of small ACs first
intervention locations large first.sqlite Same, but trialling the processing of large ACs first
intervention tables.xlsx Tables relating to the placement of new destinations, as described below

The intervention tables.xlsx file contains the following tables.

Table Content
added destinations Number of added destinations of each type, joined to baseline results for numbers of ACs meeting, or not meeting, the 80% target for each destination type
order comparison Numbers of added destinations under each of the 'small first' and 'large first' approaches

analysis.R

File Content
node_distances_baseline_walk.csv Baseline walking distance from each residential address node to the nearest destination of each type (created in baseline.R)
node_distances_baseline_cycle.csv Baseline cycling distance from each residential address node to the nearest destination of each type
node_distances_intervention_walk.csv Intervention walking distance from each residential address node to the nearest destination of each type
node_distances_intervention_cycle.csv Intervention cycling distance from each residential address node to the nearest destination of each type
dwel accessibility scores walk.csv Walking accessibility scores for each residential address
dwel accessibility scores cycle.csv Cycling accessibility scores for each residential address
accessibility tables.xlsx Tables relating to the accessibility analysis, as described below
people served.sqlite Number of people in catchment of each destination location
underutilisation tables.xlsx Tables relating to the underutilisation analysis, as described below

The accessibility tables.xlsx file contains the following tables.

Table Content
LGA accessibility scores walk Walking accessibility scores, summarised by LGA
LGA accessibility scores cycle Cycling accessibility scores, summarised by LGA
LCA accessibility scores summ Walking and cycling accessibility scores, by LGA, using the main (single, binary) scoring method
SA2 accessibility scores walk Walking accessibility scores, summarised by SA2
SA2 accessibility scores cycle Cycling accessibility scores, summarised by SA2
people & dwelling access scores Accessibility scores for people and households, summarised for Greater Melbourne

The underutilisation tables.xlsx file contains the following tables.

Table Content
LGA new walk Underutilisation scores for each destination type and LGA, new destinations, walking catchments
LGA new cycle Underutilisation scores for each destination type and LGA, new destinations, cycling catchments
LGA existing walk Underutilisation scores for each destination type and LGA, existing destinations, walking catchments
LGA existing cycle Underutilisation scores for each destination type and LGA, existing destinations, cycling catchments
SA2 new walk Underutilisation scores for each destination type and SA2, new destinations, walking catchments
SA2 new cyclke Underutilisation scores for each destination type and SA2, new destinations, cycling catchments
SA2 existing walk Underutilisation scores for each destination type and SA2, existing destinations, walking catchments
SA2 existing cycle Underutilisation scores for each destination type and SA2, existing destinations, cycling catchments

intervention cycling speed.R[TO BE UPDATED]

File Content
edgesMelbourneUpdatedSpeed.gpkg Road network edges with updated speeds

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Code for the Melbourne 20 minute neighbourhood intervention

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