django-dotenv

foreman reads from .env. manage.py doesn't. Let's fix that.

Original implementation was written by @jacobian.

Tested on Python 3.5, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8.

Installation

pip install django-dotenv

Usage

Your manage.py should look like:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys

import dotenv


if __name__ == "__main__":
    dotenv.read_dotenv()

    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "project.settings")
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError as exc:
        raise ImportError(
            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
        ) from exc
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

You can also pass read_dotenv() an explicit path to the .env file, or to the directory where it lives. It's smart, it'll figure it out.

By default, variables that are already defined in the environment take precedence over those in your .env file. To change this, call read_dotenv(override=True).

Check out tests.py to see all the supported formats that your .env can have.

Using with WSGI

If you're running Django with WSGI and want to load a .env file, your wsgi.py would look like this:

import os

import dotenv
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

dotenv.read_dotenv(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)), '.env'))

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "project.settings")

application = get_wsgi_application()

That's it. Now go 12 factor the crap out of something.

Common problems

AttributeError: module 'dotenv' has no attribute 'read_dotenv'

There is another similar package, python-dotenv, which also contains a module called dotenv. If that package is installed, then you will see:

AttributeError: module 'dotenv' has no attribute 'read_dotenv'

To resolve this, uninstall python-dotenv.

read_dotenv is not reading from my environment file!

By default, variables that are already defined in the environment take precedence over those in your .env file. To change this, call read_dotenv(override=True).