DM-46496: Include advanced query system objects in docs

[dhirving]

Butler.query has been public for a while, but the documentation for the Query object it returns was not included in the documentation.

This change pulls in the user-facing portions of the interface without any of the internal objects. (The internal objects are sometimes referenced from constructors, but those constructors are documented as "do not use".)

Checklist

• ran Jenkins
• added a release note for user-visible changes to doc/changes
• (if changing dimensions.yaml) make a copy of dimensions.yaml in configs/old_dimensions

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.74%. Comparing base (be031d3) to head (f27bf9f).
Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1099      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.74%   89.74%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         361      361              
  Lines       47410    47409       -1     
  Branches     5724     5724              
==========================================
- Hits        42549    42548       -1     
  Misses       3508     3508              
  Partials     1353     1353              

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