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Update interlinear gloss
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lucasericsson222 committed Oct 31, 2024
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249 changes: 191 additions & 58 deletions src/pages/language/apmaumur.md
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Expand Up @@ -74,11 +74,28 @@ Apmau'mur’s sentences are written in Verb Subject Object (VSO) order. The goal

For example:

> A’imva oya ov.
>
> [Present] (to want) (I) (food).
>
> I want food.
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">A’imva oya ov.</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">A'-inva</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">prs</span>-want </span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">oya</span>
<span class="trans"> <span class="sc">1sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">I want food.</div>
</div>

<aside>
This uses the <a href="https://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/pdf/Glossing-Rules.pdf">Leipzig Glossing Rules</a>,
which is a standard for representing intermediate translations between languages.
</aside>


## Tenses

Expand All @@ -89,10 +106,10 @@ Our tenses include:

| Tense | | Prefix | Example | Translation | English |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Present | Simple (S) | a | A’ariz oya itho. | [Present] (to be) (I) (friendly) | I am friendly. |
| | Continuous (C) | az | Azolñe aymi. | [Present Continuous] (to work) (They) | They are working. |
| | Obligation (O) | av | Avet ila oznim. | [Present Obligation] (to learn) (you) (truth) | You have to learn the truth. |
| | Perfect (P) | am | Ammazam ayo. | [Present Perfect] (to walk) (we) | We have ran. |
| Present | Simple (S) | a | A’ariz oya itho. | PRS-be 1SG hello| I am friendly. |
| | Continuous (C) | az | Azolñe aymi. | PRS.CONT-work 3PL | They are working. |
| | Obligation (O) | av | Avet ila oznim. | PRS.DEB-learn 2SG reliable-think | You have to learn the truth. |
| | Perfect (P) | am | Ammazam ayo. | PRS.PFV-walk 1PL | We have ran. |
| Past | S | u | | | |
| | C | uz | | | |
| | O | uv | | | |
Expand All @@ -101,7 +118,7 @@ Our tenses include:
| | C | iz | | | |
| | O | iv | | | |
| | P | im | | | |
| Command | | a’a | a’amazam‘erol | [Command] (to walk + end = stop walking) | Stop walking! |
| Command | | a’a | a’amazam‘erol | IMP-walk-end | Stop walking! |

</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -130,45 +147,118 @@ All questions are created by using the word “uj” as “what.” “uj” can

Common examples include:

> A’ariz pol uj?
>
> [Present] (to be) (that) (what)?
>
> What is that?
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">A’ariz pol uj?</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">A'-ariz</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">prs</span>-be</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">pol</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">dem.dist.sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uj</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">q</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">What is that?</div>
</div>

> A’ariz uampa’tav’oya yu’uj?
>
> [Present] (to be) (duck + good + I = my friend) (place + what = where)?
>
> Where is my friend?
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">A’ariz uampa’tav’oya yu’uj?</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">A'-ariz</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">prs</span>-be</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uampa'-tav'-oya</span>
<span class="trans">duck-good-<span class="sc">1sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">yu'-uj</span>
<span class="trans">place-<span class="sc">q</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">Where is my friend?</div>
</div>

> A’zo ila uj?
>
> [Present] (to feel) (you) (what)?
>
> How are you?
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">A’zo ila uj?</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">A'-zo</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">prs</span>-feel</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">ila</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">2sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uj</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">q</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">How are you?</div>
</div>

## Modifiers and Adjectives

To create new words, one can use two words and join them with a glottal stop (’) with the second word modifying the meaning of the first.

You can see it clearly in this example:

> uampa
>
> (duck)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">uampa</div>
<div class="freetrans">duck</div>
</div>

> uampa’oz
>
> (thinking duck = person)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">uampa'oz</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uampa'-oz</span>
<span class="trans">duck-think</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">person</div>
</div>

> uampa’oz’et
>
> (thinking duck take = thief)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">uampa'oz'et</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uampa'-oz'-et</span>
<span class="trans">duck-think-take</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">thief</div>
</div>

> uampa’oz’et’vo
>
> (thinking duck take water = pirate)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">uampa'oz'et'vo</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uampa'-oz'-et'-vo</span>
<span class="trans">duck-think-take-water</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">pirate</div>
</div>

This allows you to take simple starting words and combine them to create a more complicated word. The later words essentially function as adjectives and modify the concept of the original object.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -206,12 +296,40 @@ Some verbs are transitive of degree two, which means that they can have an indir

Example:


> a’thua ila thua uñe oya.
>
> [Present] (to give) (you) (wealth) (to) (me)
>
> You give wealth to me.
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">a'thua ila thua uñe oya.</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">a'-thua</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">prs</span>-give</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">ila</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">2sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">thua</span>
<span class="trans">wealth</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">uñe</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">PREP</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="morph">oya</span>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">1sg</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">You give wealth to me.</div>
</div>

<aside> This sentence also has a special meaning in this language which started as a joke: It also can be used as a great compliment to someone as in “You give value to my world/life.”
</aside>
Expand All @@ -222,24 +340,39 @@ To generate new words that are of the opposite concept, you can take a word and

For example:

> tav
>
> (good)
>
> vat
>
> (bad)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">tav</div>
<div class="freetrans">good</div>
</div>
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">vat</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">&lt;neg&gt;</span>good</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">bad</div>
</div>

<aside>
This reversal will be glossed with infix notation of <>
</aside>

Or another:

>
> lore
>
> (begin)
>
> erol
>
> (end)
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">lore</div>
<div class="freetrans">begin</div>
</div>
<div class="interlinear">
<div class="orig">erol</div>
<div class="intlin">
<div>
<span class="trans"><span class="sc">&lt;neg&gt;</span>begin</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="freetrans">end</div>
</div>

# Orthography

Expand Down
4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions src/pages/language/vivodelumo.md
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Expand Up @@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ author: 'Lucas Ericsson'

*by Lucas Ericsson*

<section lang="eo">

La herbo ondetas en movadoj de malhela verdo, kun la nuboj kopiantaj responde. La nokto komenciĝis kaj la varma vento varmigas ĉiun herbfolion. Je ĉi tiu horo de la nokto, la steloj videblas, kaj oni ĵurus ke ankaŭ ili volas moviĝi. Nenio estas vidata ĉar estas mallume, ĝis multaj malgrandaj lumoj vekas la kolorojn en la dormantaj floroj. La fulgoroj alvenas el la grundo kaj lumigas la nokton.

Se la nokto estas malfrua, estas frua por la homo kiu vidas ĉi tiun scenon. Ri certe venis ĉi tien rekte de laboro ĉar ria nigra laborokostumo nur elstaras kiam ĝi kovras la stelojn. Ri marŝas tra la ondoj de herbo kaj serĉas ion en la ĉielo. La steloj restu samaj kiel antaŭe.
Expand All @@ -27,3 +29,5 @@ Preter la pordo estas farmisto kiu vidas la eniranton. Dum li rigardas, ri diras
Guto de sango falis el la ĉielo de la subtera urbo. La lumo de vivo estas kio ĝi estas. La homo daŭre kuras, rekte al la plej granda konstruaĵo. Ri elprenas botelon kiu enhavas ardantan manon kaj ĵetas ĝin al la ŝtono. La botelo rompiĝas. Blankaj flamoj manĝas la ŝtonon. La homo rapide forbrulas. La urbo rapide forbrulas. La homoj kuras sed multaj ne eskapas. Multaj homoj ponardas sian sakon kaj malaperas.

La ĉielo mallumas. La urbo estas for.

</section>
19 changes: 19 additions & 0 deletions src/styles/global.css
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Expand Up @@ -18,6 +18,25 @@ body {
content:"\00a0";
}

span.sc {
font-variant: small-caps;
}
div.intlin {
display: inline-block;
}
div.interlinear {
padding-left: 1rem;
margin-left: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-size: 14pt;
border-left: 1px solid white;
}
div.intlin div {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
margin-right: 1rem;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
Expand Down

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