feat: Add plugin slots for progress page components

[xitij2000]

Adds a slot for different components in the progress tab to allow them to be overridden with custom components.

The main aim here is to allow a client to support enabling/disabling individual components on a per-course basis. If this is a feature that will be valuable to the broader community we can change the implementation here to directly support that as well.

This change currently allows overriding individual components. If this is too granular we can also look into creating a slot for the entire page, however that will require more complexity and drift for the overriding component if it just wants to make minor changes.

[openedx-webhooks]

Thanks for the pull request, @xitij2000!

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[xitij2000]

This PR currently doesn't include any screenshots. I will add them before the PR is final depending on the direction of the review.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 88.72%. Comparing base (d64a4e4) to head (44f86aa).
Report is 2 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1496      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   88.51%   88.72%   +0.20%     
==========================================
  Files         310      317       +7     
  Lines        5347     5516     +169     
  Branches     1323     1365      +42     
==========================================
+ Hits         4733     4894     +161     
- Misses        597      604       +7     
- Partials       17       18       +1     

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