add bitmapPostings

Signed-off-by: naivewong <[email protected]>

index/index.go

@@ -541,6 +541,8 @@ func (w *Writer) WritePostings(name, value string, it Postings) error {
 		writeDeltaBlockPostings(&w.buf2, refs)
 	case 4:
 		writeBaseDeltaBlockPostings(&w.buf2, refs)
+	case 5:
+		writeBitmapPostings(&w.buf2, refs)
 	}
 
 	w.uint32s = refs
@@ -1061,6 +1063,9 @@ func (dec *Decoder) Postings(b []byte) (int, Postings, error) {
 	case 4:
 		l := d.Get()
 		return n, newBaseDeltaBlockPostings(l, n), d.Err()
+	case 5:
+		l := d.Get()
+		return n, newBitmapPostings(l), d.Err()
 	default:
 		return n, EmptyPostings(), d.Err()
 	}

index/index_test.go

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus/tsdb/encoding"
 	"github.com/prometheus/tsdb/labels"
 	"github.com/prometheus/tsdb/testutil"
+	"github.com/prometheus/tsdb/fileutil"
 )
 
 type series struct {
@@ -338,6 +339,12 @@ func TestPersistence_index_e2e(t *testing.T) {
 	err = iw.Close()
 	testutil.Ok(t, err)
 
+	f, err := fileutil.OpenMmapFile(filepath.Join(dir, indexFilename))
+	testutil.Ok(t, err)
+	toc, err := NewTOCFromByteSlice(realByteSlice(f.Bytes()))
+	testutil.Ok(t, err)
+	t.Log("size of postings =", toc.LabelIndicesTable - toc.Postings)
+
 	ir, err := NewFileReader(filepath.Join(dir, indexFilename))
 	testutil.Ok(t, err)
 

index/postings.go

@@ -692,8 +692,8 @@ func (it *bigEndianPostings) Err() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// 1 is bigEndian, 2 is baseDelta, 3 is deltaBlock, 4 is baseDeltaBlock.
-const postingsType = 4
+// 1 is bigEndian, 2 is baseDelta, 3 is deltaBlock, 4 is baseDeltaBlock, 5 is bitmapPostings.
+const postingsType = 5
 
 type bitSlice struct {
 	bstream []byte
@@ -1124,3 +1124,124 @@ func writeBaseDeltaBlockPostings(e *encoding.Encbuf, arr []uint32) {
 		e.B = e.B[:len(e.B)-(len(e.B)-startLen)%deltaBlockSize]
 	}
 }
+
+// 8bits -> 256/8=32bytes, 12bits -> 4096/8=512bytes, 16bits -> 65536/8=8192bytes.
+const bitmapBits = 8
+
+// Bitmap block format.
+// ┌──────────┬────────┐
+// │ key <4b> │ bitmap │
+// └──────────┴────────┘
+type bitmapPostings struct {
+	bs         []byte
+	cur        uint64
+	inside     bool
+	idx1       int
+	idx2       int
+	bitmapSize int
+	key        uint32
+}
+
+func newBitmapPostings(bstream []byte) *bitmapPostings {
+	return &bitmapPostings{bs: bstream, bitmapSize: 1<<(bitmapBits-3)}
+}
+
+func (it *bitmapPostings) At() uint64 {
+	return it.cur
+}
+
+func (it *bitmapPostings) Next() bool {
+	if it.inside {
+		for it.idx1 < it.bitmapSize {
+			if it.bs[it.idx1+4] == byte(0) {
+				it.idx1 += 1
+				continue
+			}
+			for it.idx1 < it.bitmapSize {
+				if it.bs[it.idx1+4] & (1 << uint(7 - it.idx2)) != byte(0) {
+					it.cur = uint64(it.key << bitmapBits) + uint64(it.idx1 * 8 + it.idx2)
+					it.idx2 += 1
+					if it.idx2 == 8 {
+						it.idx1 += 1
+						it.idx2 = 0
+					}
+					return true
+				} else {
+					it.idx2 += 1
+					if it.idx2 == 8 {
+						it.idx1 += 1
+						it.idx2 = 0
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		it.bs = it.bs[it.bitmapSize+4:]
+		it.inside = false
+		it.idx1 = 0
+		return it.Next()
+	} else {
+		if len(it.bs) - 4 >= it.bitmapSize {
+			it.key = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(it.bs)
+			it.inside = true
+			return it.Next()
+		} else {
+			return false
+		}	
+	}
+}
+
+func (it *bitmapPostings) Seek(x uint64) bool {
+	if it.cur >= x {
+		return true
+	}
+	curKey := uint32(x) >> bitmapBits
+	// curVal := uint32(x) & uint32((1 << uint(bitmapBits)) - 1)
+	i := sort.Search(len(it.bs)/(it.bitmapSize+4), func(i int) bool {
+		return binary.BigEndian.Uint32(it.bs[i*(it.bitmapSize+4):]) > curKey
+	})
+	if i > 0 {
+		i -= 1
+		if i > 0 {
+			it.idx1 = 0
+			it.idx2 = 0
+			it.bs = it.bs[i*(it.bitmapSize+4):]
+			it.inside = false
+		}
+	}
+	for it.Next() {
+		if it.At() >= x {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (it *bitmapPostings) Err() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func writeBitmapPostings(e *encoding.Encbuf, arr []uint32) {
+	key := uint32(0xffffffff)
+	bitmapSize := 1 << (bitmapBits - 3)
+	mask := uint32((1 << uint(bitmapBits)) - 1)
+	var curKey uint32
+	var curVal uint32
+	var offset int // The starting offset of the bitmap of each block.
+	var idx1 int
+	var idx2 int
+	for _, val := range arr {
+		curKey = val >> bitmapBits
+		curVal = val & mask
+		idx1 = int(curVal) >> 3
+		idx2 = int(curVal) % 8
+		if curKey != key {
+			key = curKey
+			e.PutBE32(uint32(key))
+			offset = len(e.Get())
+			for i := 0; i < bitmapSize; i++ {
+				e.PutByte(byte(0))
+			}
+		}
+		e.B[offset+idx1] |= 1 << uint(7 - idx2)
+	}
+}

index/postings_test.go

@@ -945,6 +945,80 @@ func TestBaseDeltaBlockPostings(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestBitmapPostings(t *testing.T) {
+	num := 1000
+	// mock a list as postings
+	ls := make([]uint32, num)
+	ls[0] = 2
+	for i := 1; i < num; i++ {
+		ls[i] = ls[i-1] + uint32(rand.Int31n(25)) + 2
+		// ls[i] = ls[i-1] + 2
+	}
+
+	buf := encoding.Encbuf{}
+	writeBitmapPostings(&buf, ls)
+	// t.Log("len", len(buf.Get()))
+
+	t.Run("Iteration", func(t *testing.T) {
+		bp := newBitmapPostings(buf.Get())
+		for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
+			testutil.Assert(t, bp.Next() == true, "")
+			// t.Log("ls[i] =", ls[i], "bp.At() =", bp.At())
+			testutil.Equals(t, uint64(ls[i]), bp.At())
+		}
+
+		testutil.Assert(t, bp.Next() == false, "")
+		testutil.Assert(t, bp.Err() == nil, "")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Seek", func(t *testing.T) {
+		table := []struct {
+			seek  uint32
+			val   uint32
+			found bool
+		}{
+			{
+				ls[0] - 1, ls[0], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[4], ls[4], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[500] - 1, ls[500], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[600] + 1, ls[601], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[600] + 1, ls[601], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[600] + 1, ls[601], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[0], ls[601], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[600], ls[601], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[999], ls[999], true,
+			},
+			{
+				ls[999] + 10, ls[999], false,
+			},
+		}
+
+		bp := newBitmapPostings(buf.Get())
+
+		for _, v := range table {
+			testutil.Equals(t, v.found, bp.Seek(uint64(v.seek)))
+			testutil.Equals(t, uint64(v.val), bp.At())
+			testutil.Assert(t, bp.Err() == nil, "")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func BenchmarkPostings(b *testing.B) {
 	num := 100000
 	// mock a list as postings
@@ -977,6 +1051,11 @@ func BenchmarkPostings(b *testing.B) {
 	writeBaseDeltaBlockPostings(&bufBDB, ls)
 	// b.Log(len(bufBDB.Get()))
 
+	// bitmapPostings.
+	bufBM := encoding.Encbuf{}
+	writeBitmapPostings(&bufBM, ls)
+	// b.Log("bitmapPostings size", bitmapBits, "bits =", len(bufBM.Get()))
+
 	table := []struct {
 		seek  uint32
 		val   uint32
@@ -1070,6 +1149,20 @@ func BenchmarkPostings(b *testing.B) {
 			testutil.Assert(bench, bdbp.Err() == nil, "")
 		}
 	})
+	b.Run("bitmapPostingsIteration", func(bench *testing.B) {
+		bench.ResetTimer()
+		bench.ReportAllocs()
+		for j := 0; j < bench.N; j++ {
+			bm := newBitmapPostings(bufBM.Get())
+
+			for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
+				testutil.Assert(bench, bm.Next() == true, "")
+				testutil.Equals(bench, uint64(ls[i]), bm.At())
+			}
+			testutil.Assert(bench, bm.Next() == false, "")
+			testutil.Assert(bench, bm.Err() == nil, "")
+		}
+	})
 
 	b.Run("bigEndianSeek", func(bench *testing.B) {
 		bench.ResetTimer()
@@ -1123,6 +1216,19 @@ func BenchmarkPostings(b *testing.B) {
 			}
 		}
 	})
+	b.Run("bitmapPostingsSeek", func(bench *testing.B) {
+		bench.ResetTimer()
+		bench.ReportAllocs()
+		for j := 0; j < bench.N; j++ {
+			bm := newBitmapPostings(bufBM.Get())
+
+			for _, v := range table {
+				testutil.Equals(bench, v.found, bm.Seek(uint64(v.seek)))
+				testutil.Equals(bench, uint64(v.val), bm.At())
+				testutil.Assert(bench, bm.Err() == nil, "")
+			}
+		}
+	})
 }
 
 func TestIntersectWithMerge(t *testing.T) {