Manually eliminate some calls to str.format

src/spead2/__init__.py

@@ -515,9 +515,7 @@ def set_from_raw(self, raw_item, new_order="="):
             elements = _shape_elements(shape)
             if elements > max_elements:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Item {} has too few elements for shape ({} < {})".format(
-                        self.name, max_elements, elements
-                    )
+                    f"Item {self.name} has too few elements for shape ({max_elements} < {elements})"
                 )
             size_bytes = elements * self._internal_dtype.itemsize
             if raw_item.is_immediate:
@@ -550,9 +548,7 @@ def set_from_raw(self, raw_item, new_order="="):
             bits = elements * itemsize_bits
             if elements > max_elements:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Item {} has too few elements for shape ({} < {})".format(
-                        self.name, max_elements, elements
-                    )
+                    f"Item {self.name} has too few elements for shape ({max_elements} < {elements})"
                 )
             if raw_item.is_immediate:
                 # Immediates get head padding instead of tail padding

src/spead2/tools/bench_asyncio.py

@@ -282,11 +282,8 @@ async def run_master(args, protocol, sender, receiver):
                 args, protocol, sender, receiver, rate, num_heaps, num_heaps - 1
             )
             if not args.quiet:
-                print(
-                    "Rate: {:.3f} Gbps ({:.3f} actual): {}".format(
-                        rate * 8e-9, actual_rate * 8e-9, "GOOD" if good else "BAD"
-                    )
-                )
+                result = "GOOD" if good else "BAD"
+                print(f"Rate: {rate * 8e-9:.3f} Gbps ({actual_rate * 8e-9:.3f} actual): {result}")
             if good:
                 low = rate
                 best_actual = actual_rate

src/spead2/tools/recv_asyncio.py

@@ -73,14 +73,12 @@ async def run_stream(stream, name, args):
                         for raw_descriptor in heap.get_descriptors():
                             descriptor = spead2.Descriptor.from_raw(raw_descriptor, heap.flavour)
                             print(
-                                """\
-    Descriptor for {0.name} ({0.id:#x})
-      description: {0.description}
-      format:      {0.format}
-      dtype:       {0.dtype}
-      shape:       {0.shape}""".format(
-                                    descriptor
-                                )
+                                f"""\
+    Descriptor for {descriptor.name} ({descriptor.id:#x})
+      description: {descriptor.description}
+      format:      {descriptor.format}
+      dtype:       {descriptor.dtype}
+      shape:       {descriptor.shape}"""
                             )
                     changed = item_group.update(heap)
                     for key, item in changed.items():

src/spead2/tools/send_asyncio.py

@@ -116,11 +116,7 @@ async def run(item_group, stream, args):
     elapsed = time.time() - start_time
     if last_error is not None:
         logging.warn("%d errors, last one: %s", n_errors, last_error)
-    print(
-        "Sent {} bytes in {:.6f}s, {:.6f} Gb/s".format(
-            n_bytes, elapsed, n_bytes * 8 / elapsed / 1e9
-        )
-    )
+    print(f"Sent {n_bytes} bytes in {elapsed:.6f}s, {n_bytes * 8 / elapsed / 1e9:.6f} Gb/s")
 
 
 async def async_main():

tests/test_send.py

@@ -157,8 +157,12 @@ def make_descriptor_numpy(self, id, name, description, shape, dtype_str, fortran
             b"description",
             b"",
             self.flavour.make_shape(shape),
-            "{{'descr': {!r}, 'fortran_order': {!r}, 'shape': {!r}}}".format(
-                str(dtype_str), bool(fortran_order), tuple(shape)
+            repr(
+                {
+                    "descr": str(dtype_str),
+                    "fortran_order": bool(fortran_order),
+                    "shape": tuple(shape),
+                }
             ).encode(),
         ]
         payload = b"".join(payload_fields)