chore(deps): bump golang from 1.23.4 to 1.23.6 in /image (#1480) #476

Job	Run time
build-and-push / build-and-push-certifier	1m 33s
build-and-push / build-and-push-server	5m 1s
lint / actionlint	4s
lint / golint	1m 47s
lint / shellcheck	54s
unit-tests / unit-test	3m 6s
	12m 25s

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