swift high performance guide added

[shilpeegupta14]

High Performance in Swift guide added

Motivation

Contributing to the repository.

Description:

Overview of the readme file:

1. Class vs Struct tradeoff and Copy-on-Write
   i)difference btw memory allocations
   ii)copy-on-write
   iii)benchmarking structs with classes
   iv)implementing structs backed by classes
   v) implementing structs backed by classes with copy on write

2. Concurrency and Locking
   i) Thread explosion
   ii) runtime contract
   iii) serial queue and concurrent queue
   iv) Synchronization offering:
   1. Mutual Exclusion
   2. Reentrancy and Prioritization
   3. Main Actor
   vii) Batching up code to improve time complexity
   viii) Lock Contention Pattern

References:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLDldae64xE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCUj581Dpec
https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2021/10254/

Result:

Resolves: guide for writing high performance systems in swift

[shilpeegupta14]

if there are any additions or deletions in my pr. Let me know!

[tomerd]

thanks @shilpeegupta14 will take a look shortly

[tomerd]

thanks or putting this together @shilpeegupta14

since this seems to be summarizing existing resources on the internet, how about we change the PR to be an "index for talks about performance in Swift"? this way we can add more links as we have more resources instead of repeating them. wdyt?

[shilpeegupta14]

@tomerd thanks for taking out time to review this guide.

I am comfortable with the idea of changing the name of the pr and adding more resources.
Some topics that I thought to write but wasn't sure if that comes in "high performance". Would like to know if I should add this or not:

1. copy on write on indices and on arrays, dictionaries.
2. operation queue vs gcd

topics/parts that I totally missed but will add:

1. how dispatch semaphore can handle race conditions.
   tradeoffs of dispatch semaphore and how they can lead to priority inversion and deadlocks.
2. how actors handle data races
3. async/await performance

If there are anymore resources to add, let me know.
If I get any related one to performance in swift, I will add up on this.

[shilpeegupta14]

@tomerd
The pr shifted to #80
Sorry for the inconvenience