Skip to content

Commit

Permalink
Update lessons 13 and 14
Browse files Browse the repository at this point in the history
  • Loading branch information
lynn committed Jan 8, 2024
1 parent 284a7d0 commit 742c472
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Showing 2 changed files with 89 additions and 99 deletions.
53 changes: 27 additions & 26 deletions _lessons/13/index.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,31 +1,32 @@
---
title: 'Héısaqko chıetoaı'
title: 'Chíetoaı kọheısaq'
delta: true
---
# **Héısaqko chıetoaı** -- Lesson 13
# **Chíetoaı kọheısaq** -- Lesson 13

<audio id="mainaudio" controls src="lesson.mp3"></audio>

{: .sentences}
| **Hu páı** | (Dear) friend |
| **Je chufaq tûıanınyaq da.** [](#fn-1) **Kaqsı jí hóeshıy da. Huosı jí súy da.** [](#fn-2) | I am sitting on the beach. I am watching the sunset. I am listening to the waves. |
| **tu raı da. Ca hóq jâı jí da.** | Everything is good. That make me happy. |
| **Keo bu súq da. Ca hóq mêo jí da.** | But you are not here. That makes me sad. |
| **Dua bũ súq tîo de ríaq da.** [](#fn-3) | You don't know how beautiful this place is. |
| **Zaı jí jîa fâ súq ní da. Zoaıcıa jí âo chô súq ríaq da.** | I hope that you will come here in the future. I am certain that you would like the place. |
| **Púchaq pu jí méı ru múaome da.** [](#fn-4) | Yesterday, I went to the mountains and the woods. |
| **Jíachaq jıa gêq jí mí Samı da. Bua mí Samı ní da.** | Tomorrow, I will meet Sami. Sami lives here. |
| **Jıa fâ míy dóaq da. Geo máq da.** | We will go to the village. It is old. |
| **Jıa tûa kâqgaı jí chíjıo ru (pu)sejıo da.** [](#fn-5) | They will make me see the church and the museum. |
| **Jíajoa jıa rîufa jí búe da.** [](#fn-6) | Next week, I will return home. |
| **Súq tu raı ba. Hıo ka.** | As for you, may everything be well. Goodbye. |
| **Hóı páı** | (Dear) friend |
| **Je chum tuıánıneaq da.** [](#fn-1) **Kaqsı jí, ꝡä hoeshıao da. Huosı jí súeq da.** [](#fn-2) | I am sitting on the beach. I am watching the sunset. I am listening to the waves. |
| ** raı da. Ca hóq, ꝡä jaı jí da.** | Everything is good. That make me happy. |
| **Kéo bu nıtı súq da. Ca hóq, ꝡa meo jí da.** | But you are not here. That makes me sad. |
| **Bu dua súq, tïo de ríaq da.** [](#fn-3) | You don't know how beautiful this place is. |
| **Zaı jí, ꝡä jıa fa súq ní da. Zoaıcıa jí, ꝡä ao cho súq ríaq da.** | I hope that you will come here in the future. I am certain that you would like the place. |
| **Púchaq pu fa jí méı múaome da.** [](#fn-4) | Yesterday, I went to the mountains and the woods. |
| **Jíachaq jıa geq jí mí Samı da. Bua mí Samı ní da.** | Tomorrow, I will meet Sami. Sami lives here. |
| **Jıa fa íme dóaq da. Geo máq da.** | We will go to the village. It is old. |
| **Jıa tua, ꝡä kaqgaı jí chíjıo rú méjıo da.** [](#fn-5) | They will make me see the church and the museum. |
| **Jíajoa jıa rıufa jí búe da.** [](#fn-6) | Next week, I will return home. |
| **Súq raı ba. Shaıdı.** | As for you, may everything be well. Goodbye. |

## Notes

1. <a name="fn-1" /> **chufaq** expresses that a given thing is ongoing, in the middle of taking place. In English, this is usually expressed by the *-ing* form of a verb: **Chufaq fâ** "I am going". Note that the ongoing action can be in the past, present, or future: **Pu chûfaq fâ** "I was going", **Jıa chûfaq fâ** "I will be going".
1. <a name="fn-1" /> **chum** expresses that a given thing is ongoing, in the middle of taking place. In English, this is usually expressed by the *-ing* form of a verb: **Chum fa** "I am going". Note that the ongoing action can be in the past, present, or future: **Pu chum fa** "I was going", **Jıa chum fa** "I will be going".

2. <a name="fn-2" /> **** means "to be attentive (to something)". Combined with **kaq** "visual", and **huo** "auditory", we get **kaqsı** "to watch something", and **huosı** "to listen to something".

3. <a name="fn-3" /> **tîo** "to what extent", is a family member of **** "whether" and it follows the same pattern. **De ríaq** "the place is beautiful", **tîo de ríaq** "to what extent the place is beautiful", or "how beautiful the place is". Like ****, it also has a falling tone ![](../tones/t4.png) counterpart: **Tıo sao jío moq?** "How big is the building?".
3. <a name="fn-3" /> **tïo** "to what extent", is a family member of **** "whether" and it follows the same pattern. **De ríaq** "the place is beautiful", **tïo de ríaq** "to what extent the place is beautiful", or "how beautiful the place is". Like ****, it also has a falling tone ![](../tones/d1.png) counterpart: **Tıo sao jío móq?** "How big is the building?".

4. <a name="fn-4" /> **puchaq** "yesterday" and **jıachaq** "tomorrow" both use familiar components, so they should be easy to remember.

Expand All @@ -38,38 +39,38 @@ title: 'Héısaqko chıetoaı'
### Translate:

- <audio controls src="ex1.mp3"></audio>
**Nuı jío da. Keo sao méı da.**
**Nuı jío da. Kéo sao méı da.**
<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"The building is small. But the mountain is big."</span>

- <audio controls src="ex2.mp3"></audio>
**Chufaq tûı sa geo núofua da.**
**Chum tuı sá geo núofua da.**
<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Someone old is sitting on the bed."</span>

- <audio controls src="ex3.mp3"></audio>
**Dua mí Samı mêı ní da.**
**Dua mí Samı, ꝡä meı ní da.**
<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Sami knows that this is a mountain."</span>

- <audio controls src="ex4.mp3"></audio>
**Pu hûosı súq raı moq?**
**Pu huosı súq raı móq?**
<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"What did you listen to?"</span>

- <audio controls src="ex5.mp3"></audio>
**Ma zoaıcıa súq tî sa chıjıo dóaq moq?**
**Ma zoaıcıa súq, ꝡä tı sá chıjıo dóaq móq?**
<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Are you certain that there is a church in the village?"</span>

### Fill in the blanks:

- "I am watching the dog go."
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Kaqsı</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0></span> kúne da.**
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Kaqsı</span> jí, ꝡä <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>fa</span> kúne da.**

- "Everybody listen!"
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Huosı</span> tu <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>poq</span> ba!**
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Huosı</span> <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>poq</span> ba!**

- "Which friend will you meet?"
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0></span> paı jıa <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>gêq</span> súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>páı</span> moq?**
**<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0></span> paı jıa <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>geq</span> súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>páı</span> móq?**

- "Is the place old?"
**Ma <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>geo</span> ríaq moq?**
**Ma <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>geo</span> ríaq móq?**

- "They want us to sit."
**Shao <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>tûı</span> múy da.**
**Aojaı, ꝡä <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>tuı</span> íme da.**
Loading

0 comments on commit 742c472

Please sign in to comment.