Pluralize

Pluralize is a Python library for Internationalization (i18n) and Pluralization.

The library assumes a folder (for exaple "translations") that contains files like:

it.json
it-IT.json
fr.json
fr-FR.json
(etc)

Each file has the following structure, for example for Italian (it.json):

{"dog": {"0": "no cane", "1": "un cane", "2": "{n} cani", "10": "tantissimi cani"}}

The top level keys are the expressions to be translated and the associated value/dictionary maps a number to a translation. Different translations correspond to different plural forms of the expression,

Here is another example for the word "bed" in Czech

{"bed": {"0": "no postel", "1": "postel", "2": "postele", "5": "postelí"}}

To translate and pluralize a string "dog" one simply wraps the string in the T operator as follows:

>>> from pluralize import Translator
>>> T = Translator('translations')
>>> dog = T("dog")
>>> print(dog)
dog
>>> T.select('it')
>>> print(dog)
un cane
>>> print(dog.format(n=0))
no cane
>>> print(dog.format(n=1))
un cane
>>> print(dog.format(n=5))
5 cani
>>> print(dog.format(n=20))
tantissimi cani

The string can contain multiple placeholders but the {n} placeholder is special because the variable called "n" is used to determine the pluralization by best match (max dict key <= n).

T(...) objects can be added together with each other and with string, like regular strings.

T.select(s) can parse a string s following the HTTP accept language format.

Update the translation files

Find all strings wrapped in T(...) in .py, .html, and .js files:

matches = T.find_matches('path/to/app/folder')

Add newly discovered entries in all supported languages

T.update_languages(matches)

Add a new supported language (for example german, "de")

T.languages['de'] = {}

Make sure all languages contain the same origin expressions

known_expressions = set()
for language in T.languages.values():
    for expression in language:
        known_expressions.add(expression)
T.update_languages(known_expressions))

Finally save the changes:

T.save('translations')

Adding comments

You can add comments to the original language by using a comment marker. This can be useful if you want to translate a specific section.

Initialise the Translator with the marker you want to use (default is None):

T = Translator('translations', comment_marker="##")

Use it like this:

msg = T("Beginner's Guide to Python## Title chapter 1")

If there is no translation available it will show only the part before the marker.

>>> print(msg)
Beginner's Guide to Python