[Enhancement] Reduce varchar cast inside date/datetime cast

[kaijianding]

Why I'm doing:

pt is datetime type

SELECT  COUNT(*)
FROM test_tbl
WHERE date_format(cast(cast(pt as varchar) as Datetime), '%Y-%m-%d') between '2024-12-31' and '2025-02-04'

Some generated sql can't do partition prune.

What I'm doing:

rewrite to final sql

SELECT  COUNT(*)
FROM test_tbl
WHERE date_format(pt, '%Y-%m-%d') between '2024-12-31' and '2025-02-04'

reduce the cast pt as varchar when it is inside cast as datetime when pt is date/datetime type

Fixes #issue

What type of PR is this:

• BugFix
• Feature
• Enhancement
• Refactor
• UT
• Doc
• Tool

Does this PR entail a change in behavior?

• Yes, this PR will result in a change in behavior.
• No, this PR will not result in a change in behavior.

Checklist:

• I have added test cases for my bug fix or my new feature
• This pr needs user documentation (for new or modified features or behaviors)
  • I have added documentation for my new feature or new function
• This is a backport pr

Bugfix cherry-pick branch check:

• I have checked the version labels which the pr will be auto-backported to the target branch
  • 3.4
  • 3.3
  • 3.2
  • 3.1
  • 3.0

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[github-actions]

[Java-Extensions Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 0 / 0 (0%)

[github-actions]

[FE Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 8 / 8 (100.00%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
🔵	com/starrocks/sql/optimizer/rewrite/scalar/ReduceCastRule.java	8	8	100.00%	[]

[github-actions]

[BE Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 0 / 0 (0%)

[github-actions]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.3

[github-actions]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.4

[mergify]

backport branch-3.3

✅ Backports have been created

• #56367 [Enhancement] Reduce varchar cast inside date/datetime cast (backport #56318) has been created for branch branch-3.3

[mergify]

backport branch-3.4

✅ Backports have been created

• #56368 [Enhancement] Reduce varchar cast inside date/datetime cast (backport #56318) has been created for branch branch-3.4